英語初一教學(xué)設(shè)計6篇

時間:2023-01-01 作者:lcbkmm 教學(xué)計劃

通過制定一份教學(xué)設(shè)計,可以促進今后的教學(xué)工作,大家在寫教學(xué)設(shè)計的時候一定要根據(jù)自己的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗來寫,以下是范文社小編精心為您推薦的英語初一教學(xué)設(shè)計6篇,供大家參考。

英語初一教學(xué)設(shè)計6篇

英語初一教學(xué)設(shè)計篇1

能力目標(biāo):能聽懂,會說要求的單詞和句子

情感價值:進一步提高對英語學(xué)習(xí)的熱情,培養(yǎng)更加穩(wěn)定的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。

能積極主動地參與課堂活動,在情景對話中大膽開口,主動模仿。

教學(xué)重點 學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)正確書寫四會單詞和四會句子.

教學(xué)難點 正確使用代詞this和that。

課時數(shù) 2

教學(xué)過程 1.熱身 / 復(fù)習(xí)(warming-up / revision)

1)播放課本附錄中的歌曲i want to be your friend, 渲染課堂氣氛。

2)把小動物面具掛在墻上,讓學(xué)生說出它們是什么動詞,是誰的。

2.新課導(dǎo)入(presentation)

1)展示本課教學(xué)掛圖,讓學(xué)生觀察,并提出問題:

what are peter and lisa doing?

what are they talking about?

2)播放本課錄音,讓學(xué)生聽,然后討論自己的猜測是否正確。

3)再放錄音,讓學(xué)生仔細聽:誰扮演bear?誰的頭飾找不到了?最后找到了嗎?

4)指導(dǎo)學(xué)生跟讀錄音。

5)讓學(xué)生四人一組分角色表演會話。

6)鼓勵學(xué)生戴面具到講臺上來表演。

3.趣味操練(practice)

1)教師將全班劃分成6~8個小組,每組發(fā)一張白紙,每張白紙的最上面都寫有“失物招領(lǐng)處”。要求每組畫出3~4種物品,供其它組認領(lǐng)。

2)每組分成兩部分,一部分當(dāng)失主去其它組找丟失物品,另一部分留在本組提供物品。用所學(xué)句型進行交際活動。

3)播放本課投影片,讓學(xué)生邊看邊配音。

4. 拓展活動(additional activities)

1)回家聽本課錄音,模仿語音語調(diào)。

2)把本課對話改編或故事,講給父母聽。

英語初一教學(xué)設(shè)計篇2

一、課題:

?pep 小學(xué)英語》五年級下冊 unit 6 a field trip(b let's learn let's play)。

二、課題說明:

本課的教學(xué)內(nèi)容是有關(guān)戶外各項活動的單詞教學(xué),這與學(xué)生日常生活密切聯(lián)系著,容易為學(xué)生所理解和接受。且這些活動是學(xué)生們所樂意參加的,教學(xué)時可充分抓住這一特點來安排教學(xué)內(nèi)容使課堂氣氛活躍一些。教學(xué)重點是掌握5種活動詞匯的正確讀音。

三、課時說明:

本案例是小學(xué)五年級下冊第六單元的第四課時,學(xué)生在前面已學(xué)過 drinking water 等活動的詞匯和 what is/are …doing? they are ... he/she is ... 的句型。因此,這節(jié)課的教學(xué)任務(wù)是如何在學(xué)習(xí)新知識的基礎(chǔ)上,鞏固、拓展和利用所學(xué)的舊知識,真正達到學(xué)以致用、融會貫通的目的。

四、學(xué)生情況說明:

通過前面幾單元的學(xué)習(xí),同學(xué)們對 what ...doing? 和人們正在進行活動的描述 he/she is... they are... 已經(jīng)有了較好的掌握,這為本單元的教學(xué)提供了有利的基礎(chǔ)。本單元的教學(xué)內(nèi)容與學(xué)生的實際生活息息相關(guān),因而本單元的教學(xué)內(nèi)容對學(xué)生來說不難理解。關(guān)鍵是如何在課堂中將分散的語言點進行整合、拓展,使之形成一個有機的整體,即把孤立的單詞教學(xué)放置于一定的情景教學(xué)之中,達到讓學(xué)生在實際生活中能準(zhǔn)確、靈活地運用的目的。在教學(xué)時,老師要通過創(chuàng)設(shè)情景,利用多媒體教學(xué)手段,拿出實物,開展靈活多樣的教學(xué)活動,將新舊知識有機結(jié)合,對本單元知識加以強化,從而讓學(xué)生更好地掌握和拓展 a field trip 這一話題。

unit 6 a field trip

b let's learn let's play

第四課時

教學(xué)重點:

1. let's learn 部分的動詞短語的 ing 形式:counting insects,collecting leaves,writing a report,playing chess,having a picnic。

2. 在情景中使用對話中的句子,并能恰當(dāng)?shù)奶鎿Q句中的動詞短語。

3. 聽、說、讀、寫動詞短語:counting insects,collecting leaves,writing a report,playing chess,having a picnic。

4. counting 和 collecting 的正確發(fā)音示范和指導(dǎo)。

教學(xué)難點:

1. 詞匯量較大,有些短語不易掌握:counting 和 collecting 的發(fā)音較難且易混淆。

2. 動詞短語的 ing 形式:強調(diào) writing 和 having,加 ing 要去掉字母 e,再加 ing。

課前準(zhǔn)備:

1. 教學(xué)過程中所需的錄音(let's learn, let's play)、課件

2. 實物:象棋、國際象棋、樹葉

3. 投影儀

4. 書寫表格(在課前發(fā)給學(xué)生)

教學(xué)過程:

一、warm up(熱身)

大家一起唱活動:唱一唱 (教學(xué)參考時間:2-3分鐘)

教師播放五年級下冊第五單元 let's chant 部分歌曲。

學(xué)生跟錄音演唱歌謠。(listen and repeat)

二、review(復(fù)習(xí))

1. 老師先美美地喝杯子中的一口水,what am i doing? ss: you're drinking water.

2. 出示課件圖片,請學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí) a let's learn 部分的詞組。

引導(dǎo)學(xué)生 using the sentences: what is ...doing ? he/she is ...

三、presentation(新課呈現(xiàn))

活動一:學(xué)一學(xué)

1. 教師出示一群人野營的圖片,t:what are they doing? s: they are having a picnic. 教讀該詞組。

2. 出示國際象棋,教師問學(xué)生:what is this? 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回答“chess”。如果沒有學(xué)生知道,教師可以領(lǐng)讀 chess。出示中國象棋,教師問:this is chinese chess, can you play chess? 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回答:yes, i can play chess. 或者 no, i can't. 出示圖片,t: what is jone doing? s: he is playing chess. 使學(xué)生能夠用完整的句子來回答。

3. 教師拿出一張 report, t: what is this? s: it is a report. t: what is sarah doing? s: she is writing a report.

4. 出示一片樹葉,問 what's this? 回答:it's a leaf. 拿出一袋樹葉,問 what are they ? 回答:they are leaves.(樹葉的單復(fù)數(shù)在前面已教過,這是對所學(xué)內(nèi)容的復(fù)習(xí))然后教師把樹葉夾在書本中,t: i am collecting leaves. 看課件圖片,t: what is he doing? s: he is collecting leaves. 教師帶讀該短語,請學(xué)生試著讀出新的單詞短語。

5. 出示 watching insects 的單詞短語和圖片,問:how many insects can you see? t: let's count together. there are six insects. 教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生說出 counting insects 教師帶讀單詞。

6. 最后,在四線格上展示五個動詞短語。

教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生注意總結(jié):t: look at the board, can you find something different?

單詞結(jié)尾是不發(fā)音的字母e的時候,加ing 要把e去掉。

7. 教師播放 let's learn 部分的錄音,學(xué)生打開課本 listen and repeat。

students read one by one,老師糾正錯誤的發(fā)音。

活動二:小小探究家

make a chant

for example: chen jie, chen jie,

what is chen jie doing?

counting insects, counting insects

she is counting insects.

以上例子在課件中展示。

盡量讓學(xué)生編出更多的chant,并請同學(xué)自編自吟。

活動三:我是小老外(work in pairs──看圖編對話)

請學(xué)生準(zhǔn)備后,上臺展示。a: what is ...doing?

b: he/she is ...

b: what is ...doing?

a: he/she is ...

活動四:趣味游戲 let's play──can you guess?

請一位同學(xué)到講臺前,蒙上眼睛,叫臺下的另一個同學(xué)說:i am ... 全班同學(xué)齊問:what is he/she doing? 蒙眼睛的同學(xué)使用這樣的句型:...is (collecting insects).

四、consolidation and extension

拓展一:

練習(xí):完成活動手冊p52 第1小題

學(xué)生打開書,看表格。教師播放錄音,學(xué)生完成表格。

教師請學(xué)生訂正答案。

教學(xué)目的:加強學(xué)生書寫練習(xí),鞏固所學(xué)動詞短語。

首先,請學(xué)生到講臺前表演動作。

然后,請其余學(xué)生完成表格, 找出他(她)在干什么?let's find out: what is he /she doing?

請學(xué)生根據(jù)自己填寫的表格進行匯報,教師可以給予句型引導(dǎo):... is ...

最后在投影儀上展示優(yōu)秀學(xué)生的書寫表格。

活動目的:呈現(xiàn) let's learn 部分的畫面,并提供學(xué)生語言運用的場景。讓學(xué)生通過完成表格的形式來檢驗自己的學(xué)習(xí)效果。

五、板書

unit 6 a field trip

what is he/she doing?

he/she is...

counting insects

collecting leaves

writing a report

playing chess

having a picnic

英語初一教學(xué)設(shè)計篇3

教學(xué)目標(biāo):

(1)there are lots of bicycles in china.

(2)there is a famous river

教材分析:

這一模塊分為兩個單元,第一單元主要教學(xué)生怎樣談?wù)撘粋€地方,例如一個景點,一個城市等等。學(xué)會用數(shù)字表達長度和人口數(shù)量等。

教學(xué)重點:

(1)there are lots of bicycles in china.

(2)there is a famous river.

教學(xué)難點:

用“there is/ there are”介紹事物

學(xué)情分析:

學(xué)生對本模塊較熟悉,經(jīng)過本節(jié)課,讓學(xué)生通過卡片、圖片的提示來進行口筆頭操練

教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備:

課件、錄音機、磁帶

教學(xué)過程:

一、游戲熱身

隨音樂傳遞物品,音樂停該同學(xué)用there be 句型說句子

二、導(dǎo)入

讓學(xué)生先觀察圖片,猜猜都是中國的什么地

三、課文教學(xué)

1、播放錄音,讓學(xué)生給所聽到的錄音圖片排序。

2、接著讓學(xué)生跟讀

3、試著讓學(xué)生用自己的語言描述圖片上的內(nèi)容。

4、現(xiàn)在可以變換練習(xí)方式。請學(xué)生兩人一組.向?qū)Ψ浇榻B六張明信片中自己最喜歡的一張。如果有必要,可以再放一遍錄音,請學(xué)生逐句跟讀,并試著抓住每張明信片最主要的特征.然后再向同伴講述。鼓勵學(xué)生根據(jù)圖片進行更多描述,或是把自己對該事物的了解添加到描述中去。

5、重音的學(xué)習(xí):請學(xué)生聽sb unit 2活動3的錄音,之后讓學(xué)生試著跟讀一遍。要求他們注意重讀的地方。請學(xué)生把書翻到sb unit 2活動3,仔細看書上的句子以及每句話中用黑體標(biāo)出的地方,比較一下自己剛才跟讀時重讀的位置與書上的標(biāo)注是否一致。老師再放錄音,學(xué)生邊聽邊看書,認真體會。

四、應(yīng)用

現(xiàn)在學(xué)生衣服上的圖案很豐富。教師可讓一個學(xué)生站在黑板前,讓其他學(xué)生用“there 胡屯鎮(zhèn)聯(lián)合校集備活頁

五、學(xué)習(xí)歌曲

完成sb unit 2活動4,請學(xué)生欣賞并學(xué)習(xí)一首歌曲。放錄音前,請學(xué)生們先試著通過文字和圖片猜測歌曲的內(nèi)容。

播放錄音,請學(xué)生積極模仿錄音中的語音語調(diào)。如果他們感到學(xué)習(xí)歌詞有困難,老師可以先把領(lǐng)讀帶中歌曲前慢速朗讀的歌詞放一遍給學(xué)生聽

六、課后作業(yè)

挑選一張風(fēng)景的明信片,用英文進行簡單的描寫和介紹

英語初一教學(xué)設(shè)計篇4

一、教學(xué)題目

our hobbies unit 3 project english 《仁愛教育英語八年級上冊》

二、教學(xué)對象

junior high school 8 grades

三、教學(xué)主題

what’s your hobby ?

四、教學(xué)功能

expressing students’ likes and dislikes

五、教學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)

used to do sth 過去常常做某事

六、教學(xué)詞匯

words to describe hobbies

七、教學(xué)策略

1、collecting expressions

2、paying attention to students’ pronunciation

八、教學(xué)課時

45minutes

九、教學(xué)過程

step 1

warming up: using 10 minutes ask students about the hobbies,then let two or three groups make

short dialogues.students need to use the structures

used to have?/i love/enjoy/like/prefer/am interested in/am fond of.....>

step 2

first,using 5 minutes ask three students to make up the group,and read section b 1a.then,using

another 5 minutes listen to 1a.

michael : hi,maria!what are you carrying?

maria : it’s my stamp collection.would you like to see it?

michael : wow! what beautiful stamps!are they all from china?

maria : not all.i collected some of them from cuba.but now i also have a lot of beautiful stamps

from china.

michael : it must be fun.

maria : it certainly is.we can learn a lot about history and people from stamps.what hobbies did

you used to have?

michael : i used to collect baseball cards.but now i’m interested in basketball.

kangkang: hi,maria! hi,michael!what are you looking at?

michael : hi,kangkang! we are looking at maria’s stamps collection.where are you going?

kangkang: i’m going swimming.it’s my favorite hobby.

step 3

show the target language:

1.what’s you hobbies?

2.i used to like/love/enjoy.....but now i hate it/don’t like/enjoy/love it.

3.i am fond of/interested in......

step4

listening :listen to 1a and circle true or false

1.maria only collects chinese stamps. true

2.michael’s favorite hobby is playing baseball. false

3.kangkang is fond of swimming. false

4.we can learn a lot about history and people from stamps. false

step 5

vocabulary :teaching students read the new words in 5minutes,and give them 5minutes to try to

recite the new words.

hobby(n.業(yè)余愛好,嗜好)poem(n.詩,韻文) maybe(adv.可能,也許) pet(n.寵物,寶貝) collect(v.

收集) hate(v.厭惡,討厭) funny(adj.滑稽的,好笑的) friendship(n.友誼,友情) stupid(adj.愚笨

的,笨的) ugly(adj.丑陋的,難看的)background(n.背景) paper(n.紙,紙張) scissors(n.剪刀) cut(v.

剪,切) glue(n.膠水) stick(v.粘貼,粘住) lazy(adj.懶惰的) passage(n.章節(jié),段落) introduction(n.

介紹,引進) provide(v.提供,給予) pig(n.豬,貪婪的人) dirty(adj.骯臟的,污穢的)

step 6

exercise : read 1a and fill in the blanks

maria likes them when she was in cuba.she thinks we can

learn a lot about and from stamps.and now she has many beautiful chinese

stamps.michael his hobby.kangkang is interested in .the three children have different step 7 conclusion

after class reflection:

the lesson went on well.students were quite excited and motivated.but not enough time was

given at the practice.so many students still have not joining the class.some students also have

difficulty making themself understood.and their pronunciation are so poor.it needs improve.more

listening and practice are needed for those students in the next class.

英語初一教學(xué)設(shè)計篇5

課前準(zhǔn)備

教師:準(zhǔn)備游戲時所用的圖片(食物、蔬菜、動物)。

學(xué)生:準(zhǔn)備表演時所需道具(服裝、假發(fā))。

教學(xué)設(shè)計

step one :present the sentence patterns.

1. play a game “how many words do you know?”(利用小游戲調(diào)動學(xué)生的積極性,同時通過對冠軍的介紹引出本課。)

teacher: after the study of the first three starters, i think most of the students must have known a lot of words. how many words do you know? let’s play a game to see who know? let’s play a game to see who knows the most.

(divide all the students into several groups and show a picture(圖片略)to them with the computer. every group can choose two students to join. they are asked to come to the blackboard and write down the words in 30 seconds.)

(group 2 is the champion group. they can write 11 words.)

2. introduce the champion group to the class.(引課方式貼近生活,學(xué)生易于接受)

teacher: congratulations, now group 2 is the champion. but i don’t know your names. would you like to introduce yourselves to us?

s1& s2:yes.

s1:hello.my name is li lei. nice to meet you.

ss: hello, li lei. nice to meet you ,too.

ss: hello! what’s your name?

s2:i’m sun ping. how do you do?

ss: how do you do ?

step two: drills.

1. make introductions.(通過句型的操練使學(xué)生更加熟練掌握所學(xué)的句式。)

teacher: the new term begins. everyone will meet many new classmates. do you want to make friends with them? if your answer is “yes”, please introduce yourself in your group.

example:

sa: hello! i’m li lei. what’s your name?

sb: my name’s zhang feng. nice to meet you.

sa: nice to meet you, too. and what’s your name, please?

sc: lin li. how do you do?

sa:how do you do?

2. listen and number the conversations.

teacher: today i have good news for you. three new students will come to our class. they are from other countries. do you want to know them? let’s listen to the recording of 1b in section a.

(students listen to the tape and give the right answers.)

step three: make friends.

1. make new friends.(用談話的方式完成任務(wù),生動活潑,同時更容易向?qū)W生進行美德教育。)

teacher: now everyone has some new friends. do you want others to know them? do you want more friends? let’s introduce our new friends to others, ok?

ss: ok.

example:

sa: this is my new friend. his name is sun nan.

sb: hello, sun nan. nice to meet you.

sc: nice to meet you, too. look! this is my new friend. her name is he lu.

ss: how do you do?

sd: how do you do?

(students can stand up and introduce their friends to others freely. they can greet each other warmly. everyone in the class can have more friends. they can also know something else about them.)

2. the new comers.(以表演的形式完成,使課堂氣氛達到高潮。)

teacher: just now i said three new students from other countries would come to our class. now, look! they are here. let’s give them a warm welcome.

(three “foreign”students come in and all the students clap warmly.)

teacher: it’s their first time to come to china. would you like to listen to their introductions?

ss: yes.

(three students can make introductions and act out the dialogue vividly.)

step three: sum up.

some students are asked to sum up this lesson. it is how to make new friends and how to greet them. it is very important in the daily life.

homework

“how do you meet new visitors at home?

英語初一教學(xué)設(shè)計篇6

good morning, everyone,

today, it’s a pleasure for me to stand here and i’m very pleased to have such an opportunity to share some of my teaching ideas with you. first, let me introduce myself. my name is guo xinzhi, and i am working as an english teacher in yong’an middle school, congtai district of handan.

my topic today is taken from lesson 37 of unit 5 in student book 4. the main content of this unit is “go with transportation”, and the topic of lesson 37 is “flying donuts”. i have decided to say the lesson from six parts:

part one —— analysis of the teaching material

one: status and function

1. this unit tells us the improvement of traffic transportation and the related stories. besides learning this, students will also learn some words, phrases and expressions of traffic, and so on. in lesson 37, danny will introduce a new type of transportation to us, it is imaginary.

2. to attain “four skills” request of listening, speaking, reading and writing, i will have the students do some exercise about the text.

3. such a topic is very important in this unit. i will lead the students to use their imagination and encourage them to be creative. for example, helping them use english to describe their imaginary transportation. so i think if the students can learn this lesson well, it will be helpful to make them learn the rest of this unit.

4. while teaching them, i will also encourage them to say something about what they think the future transportations will be like. in a way, from practising such a topic, it can be helpful to raise learning interests of students and it will be also helpful to improve their spoken language.

two: teaching aims and demands

the teaching aim's basis is established according to junior school english syllabus' provision.

1. knowledge objects

(1) to study the new words “fuel”, “oil” and “coal”.

(2) to learn and master the phrases “think of, on the way to …, have fun”, etc.

2. ability objects

(1) to develop the students’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing.

(2) to train the students’ ability of working in pairs.

(3) to develop the students’ abilities of communication by learning the useful structures.

3. moral objects

(1) through different teaching methods to make students be interested in study.

(2) love to know more knowledge about transportation and dare to express their opinions in english.

(3) encourage the students to be more creative and try to make contributions to making new inventions in the future.

three: teaching keys and difficult points

the teaching keys and difficult points’ basis is established according to lesson 37 in the teaching material's position and function.

1. key points:

(1).be able to express words, phrases and sentences in english.

(2). know about the improvement of transportation and danny’s invention.

2. difficult points:

be able to talk about their imaginary future transportation in oral english.

part two —— the teaching methods

1. communicative teaching method; 2. audio-visual teaching method;

3. task-based teaching method; 4. classified teaching method.

as we all know: the main instructional aims of learning english in the middle school is to cultivate students’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading, writing and their good sense of the english language. so in this lesson i’ll mainly use “communicative” teaching method, “audio-visual” teaching method and “task-based” teaching method and “classified” teaching method. that is to say, i’ll let the students get a better understanding of the key structures. i’ll give the students some tasks and arrange some kinds of activities, like talking, watching cai, and reading in roles.

in a word, i want to make the students the real masters in class while the teacher himself acts as director. i also hope to combine the language structures with the language functions and let the students receive some moral education while they are learning the english language.

part three —— studying ways

1. teach the students how to be successful language learners.

2. make situation and provide meaningful duty, encourage the students to study the text by themselves.

part four —— teaching steps

as this lesson plays an important part in the english teaching of this unit, i have decided the following steps to train their ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing, especially reading and speaking ability.

the entire steps are:

step1 warm-up and lead-in

show the students some pictures of common transportations, like car, bike, train and so on. ask the students: what can you see from the picture? is there another kind of transportation around us?

purpose of my designing: in this part, have the students say more about what they see or what they don’t see. in this way, they will know today’s lesson has something to do with their discussion.

step2 presentation

1. learn new words in groups. the new word in this lesson are fuel, oil and coal. show them pictures of these things and teach them these new words.

purpose of my designing: after seeing the pictures, the students will know what they are and they can learn them quickly and easily.

2. play the tape recorder. let the students listen and imitate the text. pay attention to their pronunciation and intonation. then finish the exercises on the computer.

purpose of my designing: this step is employed to make the students get the general idea of the text. at the same time let the students have a chance to practise their listening and speaking ability.

3. text learning and a quiz

i’ll use cai to present the whole text. i’ll write the key points on the blackboard while they are watching. after watching, i’ll teach them to read the words and sentences on the bb. make sure they can read them well.

after teaching them the whole text, including the meanings of new words, the use of similar expressions and so on. get the students to try and say out some phrases on the screen, like i don’t think so, have fun, a new kind of, on the way to school, and so on.

purpose of my designing: to present the text by cai is much easier for the students to learn and grasp the meanings. cai can provide a real situation with its sound and picture and it makes the relationships between the students better.

4. key structures and difficult points learning

first, i will divide the students into three groups and tell them to have a discussion about what they learn in this lesson. then encourage them to try to understand the whole text, know what the difficult points are, and so on. at last, i will help them to master them all.

for example, i teach the students know the differences between phrases think of, think about and think over. i will show them some sentences and get them to know the use of these phrases. encourage them to do some exercise about these phrases.

purpose of my designing: by practising using these new words and similar phrases, the students will know how to use them in english and master the use of them better.

5. read and say

give the students two or three minutes to prepare, and then get them read the text together in three groups. tell them to read aloud.

then help the students say something about the future transportation or their imaginary transportation. encourage them to say more.

purpose of my designing: by reading the text and saying such things, get the students to practise their reading and speaking ability again.

part five —— summarize and homework

ask the students such questions:

what have we learned from this lesson? what does danny say about his new kind / type of transportation? do you like his idea? what new phrases have we learned today? do you have enough confidence to finish these exercises? now, let’s try!

then show them some exercises and help them to finish them.

at last, tell the students what today’s homework is. while doing this, the teacher can have the boys and girls have a competition to see who are better.

part six —— blackboard designing

lesson 37 flying donuts

language points:

1.think of認為,想起; think over仔細考慮; think out想出

2.at/in the front of在……前面(部)/ in front of在……前面

3.on the way to school在上學(xué)的路上/ on one’s way home在回家路上

4. with用……